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Java Logical Operators

In Java, logical operators are used to perform logical operations on boolean values (true or false). They are mostly used in decision-making statements such as if, while, and for loops to control how a program executes based on conditions.

Logical operators combine multiple boolean expressions and determine the final outcome as either true or false.

List of Logical Operators in Java

Operator	Description	Example
&& (Logical AND)	Returns true only if both operands are true.	(A && B) is true if both A and B are true
\|\| (Logical OR)	Returns true if any one of the operands is true.	(A \|\| B) is true if either A or B is true
! (Logical NOT)	Reverses the logical value of the operand.	!A is true if A is false

Example 1: Logical AND Operator

Java

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        boolean a = true;
        boolean b = false;

        System.out.println("a && b = " + (a && b));
    }
}

a && b = false

Note

Since a is true and b is false, a && b → true && false → false. The AND operator returns true only if both operands are true.

Example 2: Logical OR Operator

Java

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        boolean a = true;
        boolean b = false;

        System.out.println("a || b = " + (a || b));
    }
}

a || b = true

Note

Here, a is true and b is false. a || b → true || false → true. The OR operator requires only one operand to be true.

Example 3: Logical NOT Operator

Java

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        boolean a = true;
        boolean b = false;

        System.out.println("!(a && b) = " + !(a && b));
    }
}

!(a && b) = true

Note

First, a && b gives false (because both are not true). Then ! (NOT) reverses it: !false → true.

Summary Table

Operator	Meaning	Result Condition
&&	Logical AND	True only if both operands are true
\|\|	Logical OR	True if at least one operand is true
!	Logical NOT	True if operand is false